Exercise Chapter 10

I.     True/False

 

    1.   T

    2.   T

    3.   F

    4.   T

    5.   F

    6.   F

    7.   T

    8.   T

    9.   F

    10. T

II.     Multiple Choices

    1. B

    2. A

    3. D

    4. B

    5. A

    6. B

    7. B

    8. A

III.     Matching

    1.  E

    2.  G

    3.  C

    4.  B

    5.  J

    6.  A

    7.   I

    8.  D

    9.  H

    10. F

IV.     Short Answer

1.   Validation is the process of comparing data with a set of rules or values to find out if the data is correct.

Five types of validity checks: Alphabetic checks, Numeric checks, Range checks, Consistency checks, Completeness checks.

2.    In data redundancy each department or area in an organization has its own files in a file processing system, by duplicating data it wastes resources such as storage space and people’s time, also data redundancy can increase the chance of error.

Isolated data often it’s difficult to access data stored in separate files in different department. Sharing data from multiple, separate files to generate such a list in a file processing system often is a complicated procedure and usually requires the experience of a computer programmer.

3.   When an organization uses a database approach, many programs and users share the data in the database.

Five strengths of the database approach:

• Reduces Data Redundancy, most data items are stored in only one file, which greatly reduces duplicated data.
• Improved data Integrity, when users modify data in the database, they make change to one file instead of multiple files.
• Shared data, The data in a database environment belongs to and is shared, usually over a network, by the entire organization.
• Easier Access, the database approach allows nontechnical users to access and maintain data, providing they have the necessary privileges.
• Reduces Development Time, it often is easier and faster to develop programs that use the database approach.

4.   How to use a Simple Query Wizard:

• Select the fields from the Available Fields list you want to be displayed in the resulting query.
• Assign a name to the query, so that you can open it later.
• View the query result on the screen.

Query by example is a feature that has a graphical user interface to assist users with retrieving data.

5.   Advantages of object-oriented database:

They can store more type of data, access this data faster, and allow programmers to reuse object.

Four examples of object-oriented database:

• A multimedia database stores images, audio clips, and/or video clips, for example, a GIS database stores maps and other geographic data.
• A groupware database stores documents such as schedules, calendars, manuals, memos, and reports.
• A computer-aided design database stores data about engineering, architectural, and scientific design.
• A hypertext database contains text links to other types of documents. A hypermedia database contains test, graphic, video, and sound.

Exercise Chapter 9

I.     True/false

1. T

2. F

3. T

4. F

5. T

6. T

7. F

8. T

9. F

10. T

11. T

II.     Multipe Choices

1. C

2. C

3. C

4. D

5. B

6. A

7. D

8. B

III.     Matching

1. E

2. J

3. H

4. D

5. F

6. A

7. G

8. B

9. C

 10. I

IV.     Short Answer

1.   Text Messaging is a mobile device with text messaging, also called SMS(Short Message Service), capability allows users to send and receive short text messages, typically fewer than 300 characters, on a phone or other mobile device or computer.

Some options for sending and receiving text messages: Mobile to mobile, mobile to E-mail, Web to Mobile  and Mobile to Provider.

2.   A global positioning system (GPS) is a navigation system that consists of one or more earth-based receivers that accept and analyze signals sent by satellites in order to determine the receiver’s geographic location (Figure 9-6). A GPS receiver is a handheld, mountable, or embedded device that contains an antenna, a radio receiver, and a processor. Many include a screen display that shows an individual’s location on a map.

GPS can be used  to assist people with determining where they are located, creating a map, ascertaining the best road between two points, locating a lost person or stolen object, determining altitude, and calculating speed, give information about nearby points of interest. In nowdays many vehicles and mobile devices such as smart phone use GPS to provide drivers with directions or other information, and also GPS receivers work in conjunction with a cellular wireless network. Parents, for example, can locate a child’s wherebouts through a cell phone equipped with a GPS receiver.

3.   LAN is a network that connects computers and devices in a limited geographical area such as a home, school computer laboratory, office building, or closely positioned grup of buildings.

MAN (metropolitan area netwok) is a high speed network that connects local area networks in a metropolitan area such as a city or town and handles the bulk of cummunications activity across that region.
WAN(Wide area network) is a network that covers a large geographic area like a city, country, or world, using a communications channe; that combines many type of media such as telephone lines, cables,and radio waves.A Wireless LAN is a LAN that use no physical wires.4.   A network topology refers to the layout of the computers and devices in a communications network. Three commonly used network topologies are star, bus, and ring.

Five types of digital dedicated lines: ISDN lines, DSL, FTTP, T-carrier lines, and ATM.

5.   Three different types of digital modem are ISDN modem, DSL modem, Cable modem.

• ISDN modem sends digital data and information from a computer to an ISDN line and receives digital data and information from an ISDN line
• DSL modem sends digital data and information from a computer to a DSL line and receives digital data and information from a DSL line.
• Cable modem  sends and receives digital data over the cable television network.

Exercise Chapter 8

I.    True/false

1. F
2. F
3. T
4. T
5. F
6. T
7. T
8. F
9. F
10. T

II.    Multiple Choices

1. B
2. B
3. C
4. A
5. C
6. D
7. C
8. A

III.    Matching

1. F
2. C
3. G
4. D
5. E
6. H
7. A
8. B
9. I
10. J

IV.    Short Answer

1.   Cold boot and warm boot:

When turning on a computer that has been powered off completely, you are performing a cold boot.

A warm boot, by contrast, is the process of using the operating system to restart a computer. A warm boot properly closes any running processes and programs; however, it does not save any unsaved work.

The kernel is the core of an operating system that manages memory and devices, maintains the computer’s clock, starts programs, and assigns the computer’s resources, such as devices, programs, data, and information. The kernel is memory resident, which means it remains in memory while the computer is running. Other parts of the operating system are nonresident, that is, these instructions remain on a storage medium until they are needed.

2.   User interface controls how you enter data and instructions and how information is displayed on the screen.

The differences graphical and command-line user interfaces:

Graphical user interface (GUI), users interact with menus and visual images such as buttons and other graphical objects to issue commands. In a command-line interface, a user types commands or presses special keys on the keyboard (such as function keys or key combinations) to enter data and instructions.

3.   Automatic update feature:  these updates can include fixes to program bugs, or errors, enhancements to security, modifications to device drivers, access to new or expanded components such as desktop themes or games, and even updates to application software on the computer such as a Web browser or an e-mail program.

A user who might receive a service pack is a user who have registered and/or activated their software.

4.   During the back up process, the utility monitors progress and alerts you if it needs additional media, such as another disc. Many backup programs compress, or shrink the size of, files during the backup process. By compressing the files, the backup program requires less storage space for the backup files than for the original files.

Restore utility reverses the process and returns backed up files to their original form.

5.   Four embedded operating system:

• Windows embedded CE use on communications, entertainment, and computing devices with limited functionality.
• iPhone OS to interact with iPhone OS devices using finger motions such as tapping a button on the screen, sliding your finger to drag an object, and pinching or unpinching your fingers to zoom in or out.
• Palm OS users can manage schedules and contacts, phone messages, notes, task and address lists, and appointments.
• Google Android allows programmers to design programs specifically for devices supporting this operating system.

Exercise Chapter 7

I.   True/False

1. T
2. F
3. F
4. F
5. F
6. F
7. F
8. T
9. F
10. T
11. F
12. F
13. F

II.   Multiple Choice

1. B
2. C
3. D
4. D
5. A
6. C
7. B
8. B

III.   Matching

1. H
2. C
3. A
4. E
5. F
6. J
7. D
8. B
9. I
10. G

IV.   Short Answer

1.   Network attached storage is a server connected to a network with the sole purpose of providing storage.

With the introduction of smaller, less expensive NAS devices, however, some home and small business users opt to add up to 6 TB          or more of hard disk storage space to their network with a NAS device.

2.    Advantages of SAS over parallel SCSI include thinner, longercables; reduced interference; less expensive; support for many more connected devices atonce; and  faster speeds. SAS interfaces have data transfer rates of 750 MBps and higher. In addition to hard disks, SAS interfaces support connections to optical disc drives, printers, scanners, digital cameras, and other devices.

SAS interfaces usually are compatible with devices that have parallel SCSI and SATA interfaces. Experts predict that SAS eventually will replace parallel SCSI.

3.   Single-session disc manufacturers write all items on the disc at one time. Multisession means you can write on part of the disc at one time and another part at a later time.

An archive disc stores photos from an online photo center in the jpg file format, usually at a maximum resolution of 7200 pixels per photo. Picture CDs stores digital versions of film using a jpg file format at a lower resolution, typically 1024 × 1536 pixels.

4.    Users use memory cards:

Memory cards enable mobile users easily to transport digital photos, music, or files to and from mobile devices and computers or other devices.

• CompactFlash (CF) used in Digital cameras, smart phones, PDAs, photo printers, portable media players, notebook computers, desktop computers.
• Secure Digital(SD) used in Digital cameras, digital video cameras, smart phones, PDAs, photo printers, portable media players.
• SDHC used in Digital cameras.
• microSD used in Smart phones, portable media players, handheld game consoles, handheld navigation devices.
• microSDHC used in Smart phones, portable media players, handheld game consoles, handheld navigation devices.

5.    Microfilm is a 100- to 215-foot roll of film. Microfiche is a small sheet of film, usually about 4×6 inches.

Some large organizations use microfilm and microfiche to archive inactive files. Some banks use them to store transactions and canceled checks. The U.S. Army uses them to store personnel records.

Exercise Chapter 6

I.             True/False
1. T
2. T
3. F
4. T
5. F
6. F
7. T
8. F
9. F
10. T
11. F
12. F
13. F

II.             Multiple Choice

1.D
2. B
3. A
4. D
5. D
6. B
7. C
8. D

III.              Matching

1. D
2. J
3. G
4. H
5. F
6. C
7. A
8. E
9. B
10. I

IV.              Short Answer
1. Resolution affect images displayed on a monitor:

• A higher resolution uses a greater number of pixels and thus provides a smoother, sharper, and clearer image. As you increase the resolution, however, some items on the screen appear smaller.

Resolution relate to the size of an LCD monitor or screen:

• With LCD monitors and screens, resolution generally is proportional to the size of the device.

2. Features of HDTV:

•  OTA it used a VHF/UHF antenna; satellite, it used an HDTV-compatible satellite receiver/tuner; and cable, you need an HDTV-compatible cable box.

Game console users set up the output for the console:

•  Users plug one end of a cable in the game console and the other end in the video port on the television. Home users often prefer the larger television displays for game playing, watching movies, and browsing the Internet on a television connected to a game console.

3. Two types of wireless printing technology:

•  Bluetooth printing: a computer or other device transmits output to a printer via radio waves. The computer or other device and the printer do not have to be aligned with each other; rather, they need to be within an approx i mate 30-foot range.
• Infrared printing, a printer communicates with a computer or other device using infrared light waves. To print from a smart phone, for example, a user lines up the IrDA port on the smart phone with the IrDA port on the printer.

4. Ink-jet printer:

• Ink-jet printer forms characters and graphics by spraying tiny drops of liquid ink onto a piece of paper. Ink-jet printers produce text and graphics in both black-and-white and color on a variety of paper types.

The differences between dye-sublimation printers used by professionals as compared to home or small business users:

• Professional applications requiring high image quality, such as photography studios, medical labs, and security identification systems, use dye-sublimation printers. These high-end printers cost thousands of dollars and print images in a wide range of sizes. Most dye-sublimation printers for the home or small business user, by contrast, typically print images in only one or two sizes and are much slower than their professional counterparts.

5. Surround sound system for a computer included:

• A 2.1 speaker system contains two speakers and a subwoofer.
• A 5.1 speaker system has four satellite speakers, a center speaker, and a subwoofer.
• A 6.1 speaker system has four satellite speakers, a front center speaker, a rear center speaker, and a subwoofer.
• A 7.1 speaker system has four satellite speakers, two side speakers, a center speaker, and a subwoofer.

Audio resolution, which is the number of bytes that represent sound in a given time, is stated as a bit rate such as 8-bit, 16-bit, or 24-bit. The examples are 8-bit resolution, the sound quality is similar to an AM radio; 16-bit resolution yields optical disc-quality sound; and 24-bit resolution is used for high-quality digital audio editing.